Offered VLA Capabilities during the Next Semester

The Call for Proposals

The most recent Call for Proposals summarizes the General Observing (GO) capabilities being offered for the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA).

In addition to these general capabilities, NRAO continues to offer shared risk observing options for those who would like to push the capabilities of the VLA beyond those offered for general use. These are the Shared Risk Observing (SRO) and Resident Shared Risk Observing (RSRO) programs.

Details about what is being offered for each program is given below. If you have any questions or problems with any link or tool, please submit a ticket through the NRAO Helpdesk.

Considering the lack of hybrid configurations after semester 2016A, guidelines on how to substitute such configurations with the use of principal array configurations are presented in the Array Configurations section of the Guide to Proposing for the VLA.


General Observing (GO) and Shared-Risk Observing (SRO)

Summary of Capabilities

As described in the Call for Proposals, the VLA offers continuous frequency coverage from 1–50 GHz in the following observing bands: 1–2 GHz (L-band); 2–4 GHz (S-band); 4–8 GHz (C-band); 8–12 GHz (X-band); 12–18 GHz (Ku-band); 18–26.5 GHz (K-band); 26.5–40 GHz (Ka-band); and 40–50 GHz (Q-band). Both single pointing and mosaics with discrete, multiple field centers will be supported under General Observing (GO). In addition to these, all VLA antennas are equipped with 224-480 MHz (P-band) and 54-86 MHz (4-band) receivers near the prime focus. Data rates of up to 60 MB/s (216 GB/hour) will be available to all users as GO, combined with correlator integration time limits per band and per configuration, as described in the Time Resolution and Data Rates section. Limitations on frequency settings and tuning ranges are described in the Frequency Bands and Tunability section.

The GO capabilities being offered are:

Capability Description
8-bit samplers
  • Standard default setups for:
    • 2 GHz bandwidth continuum observations at S/C/X/Ku/K/Ka/Q bands (16 × 128 MHz subbands)
    • 1 GHz bandwidth continuum observations at L-band (16 × 64 MHz subbands)
    • 256 MHz bandwidth continuum observations at P-band (16 × 16 MHz subbands)
  • Flexible setups for spectroscopy using two independently tunable, 1 GHz baseband pairs, each of which can be split into up to 32 flexibly tunable subbands
  • Single, dual, and full polarization products
3-bit samplers
  • Standard default setups for:
    • 8 GHz bandwidth continuum observations at K/Ka/Q-bands
    • 6 GHz bandwidth at Ku-band
    • 4 GHz bandwidth at C/X-bands
  • Flexible setups for spectroscopy using four independently tunable, 2 GHz baseband pairs, each of which can be split into up to 16 flexibly tunable subbands
  • Single, dual, and full polarization products
Mixed 3-bit and 8-bit samplers
  • Allows more flexibility for simultaneous continuum and high-resolution spectral line observing

Subarrays
  • Up to 3 independent subarrays using standard 8-bit continuum setups, with only one 8-bit setup per subarray.
Y27 or Y1 for VLBI

Solar observing

  • All solar observing except the L-band reverse-coupled system

On-The-Fly Mosaicing (OTF)‡

  • P-, L-, S-, and C-bands only; no subarrays

Pulsar

  • Phase-binned and coherent-dedispersion (YUPPI) pulsar observing, except 4-band YUPPI

Frequency averaging

  • Frequency averaging in the correlator by a factor of two or four (only available for single subarray and non-OTF observations)

SRO capabilities can be set up via the Observing Preparation Tool (OPT) and run through the dynamic scheduler without intervention, but are not as well tested as GO capabilities. Data rates higher than 60 MB/s (216 GB/hour) and up to 100 MB/s (360 GB/hour) are considered SRO. A summary of the SRO capabilities being offered are:

  • On-the-Fly (OTF) mosaicing‡ for X-, Ku-, K-, Ka-, and Q-bands (used when each pointing on the sky is no more than a few seconds), but not using subarrays;
  • 4-band (58-84 MHz) Stokes I continuum observations; and
  • Dual 4/P-band Stokes I continuum observations.

‡Note: OTF mosaic observations have certain limitations on the length and number of scans. Contact the VLA staff through the NRAO Helpdesk to check if the OTF mosaic observations to be proposed are technically feasible ahead of submitting a proposal.

We expect that most SRO programs will have no or only minor problems that can be corrected quickly. If an SRO program fails, however, and it becomes clear that detailed testing with additional expertise is needed, then the project must make an experienced member from their team available to help troubleshoot the problem. In some cases, this may require the presence of that experienced member in Socorro. If adequate support from the project is not given, then the time on the telescope will be forfeited. The additional effort is to be determined based on discussions with the NRAO staff and management and the project team.

The guidelines for General and Shared Risk observing proposals, along with information about tools and other advice, can be found in the VLA Proposal Submission Guidelines.

Resident Shared Risk Observing (RSRO)

Summary of Capabilities

The RSRO program provides access to extended capabilities of the VLA that require additional testing in exchange for a period of residence to help commission those capabilities. Capabilities that would fall under the RSRO program include:

  • Correlator dump times shorter than 50 msec, including integration times as short as 5 msec for transient detection;
  • Data rates above 100 MB/s;
  • Recirculation beyond a factor of 64 in the correlator;
  • 4-band (54–86 MHz) polarization;
  • 4-band (54-86 MHz) coherent-dedispersion (YUPPI) pulsar observing;
  • More than 3 subarrays, or subarrays with the 3-bit system;
  • Complex phased array observations (e.g., pulsar and complex VLBI observing modes); and
  • Frequency averaging by more than a factor of 4.

The guidelines for Resident Shared Risk Observing proposing, along with requirements and considerations, can be found in the VLA Proposal Submission Guidelines.

 

Commensal Observing Systems at the VLA

There are two commensal systems on the VLA that may take data at the same time as your proposed observation. The first is the VLITE system, which will take data at P-band during regular observations that use bands other than P-band. The VLITE system is deployed on up to eighteen VLA antennas. Observers wishing to gain access to the commensal VLITE data taken during their VLA observations should follow the instructions on the VLITE web page for doing so. The second is the realfast system, which takes data at very fast dump rates in an effort to detect Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs). This system is fully commissioned for observing at L- through X-bands.

To report errors or problems encountered in any link or while using any NRAO tool listed here, please submit a ticket through the NRAO Helpdesk.

Connect with NRAO

The National Radio Astronomy Observatory and Green Bank Observatory are facilities of the U.S. National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc.

Founded in 1956, the NRAO provides state-of-the-art radio telescope facilities for use by the international scientific community. NRAO telescopes are open to all astronomers regardless of institutional or national affiliation. Observing time on NRAO telescopes is available on a competitive basis to qualified scientists after evaluation of research proposals on the basis of scientific merit, the capability of the instruments to do the work, and the availability of the telescope during the requested time. NRAO also provides both formal and informal programs in education and public outreach for teachers, students, the general public, and the media.

The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent federal agency created by Congress in 1950 "to promote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; to secure the national defense..."

AUI collaborates with the scientific community and research sponsors to plan, build, and operate cutting-edge facilities. We cultivate excellence, deliver value, enhance education, and engage the public.